This can be done by removing the microSD card from the RØDECaster Pro and inserting it into your computer using a microSD card reader, then transferring the audio files(s) onto your computer; alternatively, connect your RØDECaster Pro to your computer using a USB cable, open the Companion App, click 'Podcasts' and activate 'Podcast Transfer Mode' to export your podcasts.
To learn more, check out the RØDECaster Pro User Guide page on Exporting Podcasts.